Use of Modal Verbs
What is Modal Helping Verb ?
How many are there Modal Helping Verb ?
Use of Shall
Use of Should
Use of Will
Use of Would
Use of Ought to
Use of Must
Use of Can
Use of Could
Use of May
Use of Might
Use of
Should/ought to/must
The meaning of should/ought to/must
Should चाहिए general
ought to - चाहिए duty
must जरूर चाहिए
____ with all
should+ v1
Present /Future
Should चाहिए
Subject+should +verb 1 + Complemen
Affirmative : should
Negative : should not
1.
He should study
उससे अध्ययन करना चाहिए
2.
You should be a doctor
तुम्हें एक डॉक्टर होना चाहिए
You should be in office
तुम्हें ऑफिस में होना चाहिए
You should be playing
तुम्हें खेल रहा होना चाहिए
3.
They should be rewarded.
उन लोगों को ईनाम दिया जाना चाहिए
4.
They should have a laptop उन लोगों के पास एक लैपटॉप होना चाहिए। या
उन लोगों को एक लैपटॉप रखना चाहिए
5.
We should have to go.
हम लोगों को जाना ही चाहिए
Past
should have चाहिए था
Subject +Should have +verb 3 + Complemen
Affirmative : should have
Negative : should not have
1.
He should have studied the book.
उसे अध्ययन करना चाहिए था
2.
The book should have been studied by him.
किताब उसके द्वारा अध्ययन किया जाना चाहिए था ।
3.
You should have been a doctor
तुम्हें एक डॉक्टर होना चाहिए था
……... in office
तुम्हें ऑफिस में होना चाहिए था
…….. playing
तुम्हें खेल हा होना चाहिए था
4.
They should have had laptop
उन लोगों के पास एक लैपटॉप होना चाहिए था
या
उन लोगों को एक लैपटॉप रखना चाहिए था
5.
We should have had to go
हम लोगों को जाना ही चाहिए था
Use of can
Can सकता है
Subject+can +verb 1 + Complemen
Affirmative : can
Negative : can not / cannot/ can't
Present /Future
To show ability
1 .
You can write a book. (Active )
तुम एक किताब लिख सकते हो ।
A book can be written by you. (Passive)
एक किताब तुम्हारे द्वारा लिखा जा सकता है ।
To show possibility
(Strong )
2.
He can be a doctor.
वह एक डॉक्टर हो सकता है ।
He can be at home.
वह घर पर हो सकता है ।
He can be Playing.
वह खेल रहा हो सकता है ।
3.
He can have a car.
उसके पास एक कार हो सकता है । या
वह एक कार रख सकता है ।
4.
He can have to go.
उसे जाना पड़ सकता है ।
For Request and Permission
(Informal)
5.
Can you help me ?
क्या आप मेरी मदद कर सकते हैं ।
Can I use your pen ?
क्या मैं आपका कलम इस्तेमाल कर सकता हूं ?
To give permission
6.
You can use.
तुम इस्तेमाल कर सकते हो ।
You can come.
तुम आ सकते हो ।
Use of could
Could सकता था
Subject+could +verb 1 + Complemen
Affirmative : could
Negative : could not / couldn't
To show ability in past
1 .
You could write a book. (Active)
तुम एक किताब लिख सकते थे ।
A book could be written by you.
(Passive)एक किताब तुम्हारे द्वारा लिखी जा सकती थी ।
To show weaker possibility in Present/future
2.
He could be a doctor.
वह एक डॉक्टर हो सकता है ।
He could be at home.
वह घर पर हो सकता है ।
He could be Playing.
वह खेल रहा हो सकता है ।
3.
He could have a car.
उसके पास एक कार हो सकता है । या
वह एक कार रख सकता है ।
4.
He could have to go.
उसे जाना पड़ सकता है ।
For formal Request and Permission
5.
Could you help me ?
क्या आप मेरी मदद कर सकते हैं ।
Could I use your pen ?
क्या मैं आपका कलम इस्तेमाल कर सकता हूं ।
PAST
Past Possibility
Could have
To show possibility in past
1 . :
You could have written a book.
(Active)तुम एक किताब लिख सकते थे ।
A book could be written by you.
(Passive)एक किताब तुम्हारे द्वारा लिखी जा सकती थी ।
To show weaker possibility
2.
Could have + been
He could have been a doctor.
वह एक डॉक्टर हो सकता था ।
He could have been at home.
वह घर पर हो सकता था ।
He could have been Playing.
वह खेल रहा हो सकता था ।
3.
Could have + had
He could have had a car.
उसके पास एक कार हो सकता था । या
वह एक कार रख सकता था ।
4.
Could have + had + infinitive
He could have had to go.
उसे जाना पड़ सकता था ।
USE of MAY
For weak Possibility
Present & Future
It may rain today.
शायद
आज वर्षा हो सकती है ।
He may come tomorrow.
शायद
वह कल आ सकता है ।
For Request and Permission
(Informal)
May you help me ?
क्या आप मेरी मदद कर सकते हैं ।
May I use your pen ?
क्या मैं आपका कलम इस्तेमाल कर सकता हूं ?
Past
May have
Subject+may have+ v3
Past Possibility
1 . You may have played Chess.
शायद तुम शतरंज खेल सकते थे ।
शायद तुम शतरंज खेले हो गे।
You may have heard.
शायद तुम सुन सकते थे /
शायद तुम सुने होगे ।
Passive
2.Chess may have been played by you.
शायद तुम्हारे द्वारा शतरंज खेला जा सकता था । /
शायद तुम्हारे द्वारा शतरंज खेला गया होगा ।
3.
He may have been a doctor.
शायद वह एक डॉक्टर हो सकता था ।
He may have been playing.
शायद वह खेल रहा हो सकता था ।
शायद वह खेल रहा होगा ।
He may have been at school.
शायद वह स्कूल में हो सकता था ।
शायद वह स्कूल में होगा ।
4. He may have had a laptop.
5. He may have had to
go.
शायद उसे जाना पड़ सकता था ।
USE OF Might
For Possibility
(Least Possibility)
Present & Future
It might rain today.
शायद ही
आज वर्षा हो सकती है ।
He might come tomorrow.
शायद ही
वह कल आ सकता है ।
For Request and Permission
(Informal)
Might you help me ?
क्या आप मेरी मदद कर सकते हैं ।
Might I use your pen ?
क्या मैं आपका कलम इस्तेमाल कर सकता हूं ?